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2012年6月How long 做es it take to get 流利 在 Chinese?
为了回答这个问题,我’从引用开始 Quora页面,其中两名重量级人物给出了出色的答案:
Mark Rowswell, AKA 大山/大山:
> When I started learning Chinese, I was horrified to hear that it would take me 10 年份 to become 流利. 27 年份 later I’m still working at it. Due to my work on television, some Chinese 语言 learners may consider me a role model of sorts, but every day I’m reminded of what I 不要’t know 和 how much more 的re is to learn.
> “Fluent” is a relative concept. I would summarize:
> 2 年份 to lie on your resume 和 hope no Chinese speaker 在 terviews you for a job (because 2 年份 is enough to bullshit your way through a situation 在 front of non-speakers).
> 5 年份 for 基本流利度, but with difficulty.
> 10 年份 to feel 自在 在 的 语言.
大卫·摩泽(David Moser):
> The old saying I heard when I first started learning Chinese was, “Learning Chinese is a five-year lesson 在 humility”. At 的 time I assumed that 的 point of this aphorism was that after five 年份 you will have 主ed humility along with Chinese. After I put 在 my five 年份, however, I realized 的 sad truth: I had 主ed humility, alright, but my Chinese still had a long way to go. And still 做es.
> As 的 的 above answers 在 dicate, 的 notion of “fluent” is very vague 和 goal-dependent. Needless to say, 的 Chinese writing system 做es more than any other aspect to hamper 主y, to 的 extent that adult speakers must address 的 daunting problems of 的 script 在 要么der to function 在 的 语言. As an 在 structive metric, however, we can turn to 的 Defense Language Institute 在 Monterey for some rough estimates of 的 relative difficulty. They divide 语言s 在 to different difficulty groups. Group I 在 cludes 的 “usual” 语言s a student might study, such as French 和 Italian. They estimate “Hours of 在 struction required for a student with average 语言 aptitude to reach level-2 proficiency” (never mind what level-2 means) to be 480 hours. A further level is characterized as “Speaking proficiency level expected of a student with superior 语言 aptitude after 720 hours of 在 struction”, which is “Level 3”, which apparently is 的ir highest level of non-native fluency. Chinese is grouped 在 to Category IV, along with Japanese. The number of hours needed to reach level two is 1320 (about 3 times as much as required for French), 和 的 highest expected level for a superior student after 720 hours is 只要 1+, i.e. an advanced beginner. These are old statistics, but 的 proportional differences are bound to be similar today.
> My own experience, 在 a nutshell: French 语言 students after 4 年份 are hanging out 在 Paris bistros, reading everything from Voltaire to Le Monde with relative ease, 和 having arguments about existentialism 和 debt ceilings. Chinese 语言 students after four 年份 still can’t read novels 要么 newspapers, can have 只要 simple conversations about food, 和 cannot yet function 在 的 culture as mature adults. And this even goes for many graduate students with 6-7 要么 8 年份 of Chinese. Exceptions abound, of course, but 在 general 的 gap between 主y of Chinese vs. 的 European 语言s is enormous. To a great extent 的 stumbling block is simply 的 non-phonetic 和 perversely memory-intensive writing system, but other cultural factors are at work as well.
(David Moser是曾经解释过的人 为什么学中文这么难)
我自己的经验:
I’我不会讨论上面已经提到的复杂问题(我还要注意,我的中文远不及Mark Rowswell好’s), but Mark’的数字对我来说似乎很现实。
因为我 开始我的学习 在美国的华人,然后移居中国并开始 在我自己的铁杆上练习, 一世’d say I hit Mark’s “basic fluency”在大约4年的学习中具有里程碑意义。“Feeling 自在”大概过了8年,但我认为我的标准“comfortable”也比马克低’s. (I seriously 做ubt I am as 自在 now as Mark was after 10 年份!)
什么’s 的 deal?
当你说那总是惹恼一些人 学中文很难,或者这需要很长时间。实际上,它会激发某些学习者竭尽全力,证明事实恰恰相反: 中文不难和 没有’t take long to learn。那’很好可以在极端观点之间找到真相。但是我’我总是发现重要的是要对你的事情有个现实的看法’重新进入,并得到马克·罗兹韦尔这样的人’s的问题当然很有趣!
似乎有些人担心很多人会“scared off”如果中文经常被表示为“difficult,”那些掌握了一些东西然后告诉其他人的人’简单地只是嫉妒地保护自己的感知“specialness.”我个人开始学习中文 正是因为 我认为这是一个严峻的挑战,’直到很晚才爱上它。一世’我听到过很多次 马来语 真的很容易学习,但是’从来没有让我想要学习它。
好消息
好消息是我真的相信学习汉语是 越来越容易,或者学生学习起来比以前更快。一世’多年来,我见面时一直在观察我的趋势 中国豆荚 访客,当我遇到新来中国的人 全集学习 客户,当我与新客户一起工作时 实习生。的“到达的总Newb”越来越稀有,语气也越来越好,甚至有些人甚至第一次出现在中国已经可以进行对话了。真好!
I’我们将笔记与国外的中文老师进行了比较,有些老师也在做同样的观察。一位老师告诉我,由于原始课程要求不高,或者没有’不够远。什么’s going on here?
我认为以下因素共同起作用:
–孩子们开始更快地学习中文
–中文学习资料越来越好
–技术使学习字符(和发音)的工作量减少了
–竞争自然会提高标准
–对中国语言和文化的意识增强,使整体前景变得不太吓人
这都是非常好的消息!如果这是近年来一直在加速发展的长期趋势,那也可能意味着马克·罗尔斯韦尔(Mark Rowswell)’s 和 David Moser’的帐户是完全真实的,它赢了’对您来说,这和他们一样耗时,因为学习汉语的难度(或所涉及的时间)正在降低,而我们甚至无需做任何事情!
还有一件事
哦,我也引用 查尔斯·劳克林 来自Quora线程,他回答:
> Who cares how long it takes? Just 做 it! If you really want to learn Chinese, you will devote yourself to it however long it takes.
非常真实